Stephen William Hawking (1942- ) is a kind of scientist called a theoretical physicist. Theoretical physicists study how the world is put together, and how it changes.
Hawking has made important discoveries about gravity, the force that pulls things toward each other. He is also noted for his theories, or set of beliefs, about black holes. Black holes are invisible bodies in space with very strong gravity. Many people have read Hawking's book, "A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes."
Hawking was born in Oxford, England. Because he has a terrible disease of the nervous system, he cannot speak. He can hardly move. He uses a wheelchair that has a computer voice machine. This equipment helps him work and travel.
How to cite this article: To cite this article, World Book recommends the following format: "Stephen William Hawking." The World Book Student Discovery Encyclopedia. Chicago: World Book, Inc., 2005.